detecting-memory-leaks

Testing & Quality

Detects memory leak vulnerabilities by identifying unfreed memory allocations and missing cleanup in error paths. Use when analyzing long-running processes, resource management, or investigating memory exhaustion issues.

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Source SKILL.md: https://github.com/majiayu000/claude-skill-registry/blob/HEAD/skills/development/detecting-memory-leaks/SKILL.md

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Memory Leak Detection

Detection Workflow

Identify allocation points: Find all malloc/calloc/realloc calls, new/delete pairs (C++), map allocation locations
Trace allocation lifecycle: Use xrefs_to to trace allocations, follow pointers through code, identify all free() calls
Check cleanup paths: Verify every allocation has a corresponding free, check all error handling paths, review exception handling, assess callback cleanup
Assess impact: How much memory is leaked? How often does it leak? What's the cumulative impact? Can it cause DoS?

Key Patterns

Missing free: malloc() without corresponding free(), calloc() without free(), new without delete (C++)
Exception path leaks: allocations before exception-prone operations, missing cleanup in error handling, leaks in early returns
Reference cycles: circular references in data structures, reference counting bugs, shared pointer cycles
Long-lived allocations: allocations that never get freed, caches without size limits, accumulating data structures

Output Format

Report with: id, type, subtype, severity, confidence, location, allocation (function, address, size), leak path, leak scenario, leak size per call, frequency, exploitability, impact, mitigation.

Severity Guidelines

HIGH: Large leaks in frequently called functions
MEDIUM: Small leaks or infrequent allocations
LOW: Minor leaks with limited impact