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database-troubleshooting

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Database Connection Troubleshooting

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Database Connection Troubleshooting

Overview

This runbook helps diagnose database connection timeout issues in Kubernetes applications.

Investigation Steps

1. Check Application Status

Verify the application pods are running and review recent events:

kubectl get pods -n {namespace} -l app={app_name}
kubectl describe pod -n {namespace} -l app={app_name}

2. Review Application Logs

Look for connection errors and timeout patterns:

kubectl logs -n {namespace} -l app={app_name} --tail=50 | grep -E "(timeout|connection|ERROR)"

3. Verify Database Service

Check if the database service exists and has endpoints:

kubectl get svc -n {namespace} | grep -E "(postgres|mysql|database)"
kubectl get endpoints -n {namespace} | grep -E "(postgres|mysql|database)"

4. Test Network Connectivity

Test connectivity from application pod to database:

kubectl exec -n {namespace} $(kubectl get pod -n {namespace} -l app={app_name} -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}") -- nc -zv {db_host} {db_port}

5. Check Database Health

Connect to database and check its status:

# For PostgreSQL
kubectl exec -n {namespace} {db_pod} -- psql -U postgres -c "SELECT 1"

# Check active connections
kubectl exec -n {namespace} {db_pod} -- psql -U postgres -c "SELECT count(*) FROM pg_stat_activity"

6. Review Connection Pool Configuration

Check application's database connection pool settings:

kubectl get deployment -n {namespace} {app_name} -o yaml | grep -A10 "env:"

Common Issues

  1. No Database Endpoints: Database service has no backing pods
  2. Connection Pool Exhaustion: All connections in use, increase pool size
  3. Network Policy: Check if NetworkPolicies block database access
  4. DNS Resolution: Verify database hostname resolves correctly
  5. Database Overload: Too many connections, database not responding