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usfiscaldata

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Query the U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API for federal financial data including national debt, government spending, revenue, interest rates, exchange rates, and savings bonds. Access 54 datasets and 182 data tables with no API key required. Use when working with U.S. federal fiscal data, national debt tracking (Debt to the Penny), Daily Treasury Statements, Monthly Treasury Statements, Treasury securities auctions, interest rates on Treasury securities, foreign exchange rates, savings bonds, or any U.S. government financial statistics.

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U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API

Free, open REST API from the U.S. Department of the Treasury for federal financial data. No API key or registration required.

Base URL: https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service

Quick Start

import requests
import pandas as pd

BASE_URL = "https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service"

# Get the current national debt (Debt to the Penny)
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny", params={
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 1
})
data = resp.json()["data"][0]
print(f"Total public debt as of {data['record_date']}: ${float(data['tot_pub_debt_out_amt']):,.0f}")

# Get Treasury exchange rates for recent quarters
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange", params={
    "fields": "country_currency_desc,exchange_rate,record_date",
    "filter": "record_date:gte:2024-01-01",
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 100
})
df = pd.DataFrame(resp.json()["data"])

Authentication

None required. The API is fully open and free.

Core Parameters

ParameterExampleDescription
fields=fields=record_date,tot_pub_debt_out_amtSelect specific columns
filter=filter=record_date:gte:2024-01-01Filter records
sort=sort=-record_dateSort (prefix - for descending)
format=format=jsonOutput format: json, csv, xml
page[size]=page[size]=100Records per page (default 100)
page[number]=page[number]=2Page index (starts at 1)

Filter operators: lt, lte, gt, gte, eq, in

# Multiple filters separated by comma
"filter=country_currency_desc:in:(Canada-Dollar,Mexico-Peso),record_date:gte:2024-01-01"

Key Datasets & Endpoints

Debt

DatasetEndpointFrequency
Debt to the Penny/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_pennyDaily
Historical Debt Outstanding/v2/accounting/od/historical_debt_outstandingAnnual
Schedules of Federal Debt/v1/accounting/od/schedules_fed_debtMonthly

Daily & Monthly Statements

DatasetEndpointFrequency
DTS Operating Cash Balance/v1/accounting/dts/operating_cash_balanceDaily
DTS Deposits & Withdrawals/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cashDaily
Monthly Treasury Statement (MTS)/v1/accounting/mts/mts_table_1 (16 tables)Monthly

Interest Rates & Exchange

DatasetEndpointFrequency
Average Interest Rates on Treasury Securities/v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_ratesMonthly
Treasury Reporting Rates of Exchange/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchangeQuarterly
Interest Expense on Public Debt/v2/accounting/od/interest_expenseMonthly

Securities & Auctions

DatasetEndpointFrequency
Treasury Securities Auctions Data/v1/accounting/od/auctions_queryAs Needed
Treasury Securities Upcoming Auctions/v1/accounting/od/upcoming_auctionsAs Needed
Average Interest Rates/v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_ratesMonthly

Savings Bonds

DatasetEndpointFrequency
I Bonds Interest Rates/v2/accounting/od/i_bond_interest_ratesSemi-Annual
U.S. Treasury Savings Bonds: Issues, Redemptions & Maturities/v1/accounting/od/sb_issues_redemptionsMonthly

Response Structure

{
  "data": [...],
  "meta": {
    "count": 100,
    "total-count": 3790,
    "total-pages": 38,
    "labels": {"field_name": "Human Readable Label"},
    "dataTypes": {"field_name": "STRING|NUMBER|DATE|CURRENCY"},
    "dataFormats": {"field_name": "String|10.2|YYYY-MM-DD"}
  },
  "links": {"self": "...", "first": "...", "prev": null, "next": "...", "last": "..."}
}

Note: All values are returned as strings. Convert as needed (e.g., float(), pd.to_datetime()). Null values appear as the string "null".

Common Patterns

Load all pages into a DataFrame

def fetch_all_pages(endpoint, params=None):
    params = params or {}
    params["page[size]"] = 10000  # max size to minimize requests
    resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}{endpoint}", params=params)
    result = resp.json()
    df = pd.DataFrame(result["data"])
    return df

Aggregation (automatic sum)

Omitting grouping fields triggers automatic aggregation:

# Sum all deposits/withdrawals by record_date and transaction type
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash", params={
    "fields": "record_date,transaction_type,transaction_today_amt"
})

Reference Files