schema_validator

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显式 schema 校验工具。读取结构化数据与用户提供的 schema，检查字段存在性、字段类型、枚举、范围、长度、正则格式、日期格式、表级行数与缺失率约束，并输出校验报告。当用户提到 schema 校验、结构校验、模式校验、字段存在性检查、字段类型检查、枚举校验、范围校验、格式校验、表头结构校验等需求时使用此 skill。即使用户没有明确说出"schema_validator"，只要任务是在检查结构化数据是否符合明确 schema 规则，就应该使用此 skill。不负责数据清洗、去重、业务合理性判断、跨字段一致性、参照完整性、分布异常分析或数据转换。

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Schema Validator 显式 schema 校验 Skill

功能概述

本 skill 用于验证结构化数据是否符合用户提供的明确 schema 规则。它检查字段是否存在、类型是否匹配、枚举值是否合规、数值是否超出范围、字符串长度是否合规、正则格式是否匹配、日期格式是否正确，以及嵌套对象/数组结构是否符合定义。它还支持表级约束，例如最小行数、最大缺失率、字段顺序与额外字段控制。

触发条件

当用户请求以下任务时，应使用此 skill：

schema 校验
结构校验
模式校验
字段存在性检查
字段类型检查
枚举校验
范围校验
格式校验
表头结构校验

schema 定义格式

{
  "fields": {
    "id": {
      "type": "int",
      "required": true,
      "nullable": false
    },
    "name": {
      "type": "str",
      "required": true,
      "min_length": 1,
      "max_length": 100
    },
    "status": {
      "type": "str",
      "enum": ["active", "inactive", "pending"]
    },
    "score": {
      "type": "float",
      "min": 0,
      "max": 100
    },
    "email": {
      "type": "str",
      "pattern": "^[\\w.-]+@[\\w.-]+\\.\\w+quot;
    },
    "created_at": {
      "type": "date",
      "format": "%Y-%m-%d"
    }
  },
  "table_constraints": {
    "min_rows": 10,
    "max_missing_ratio": 0.2,
    "strict_columns": true,
    "check_column_order": true
  }
}

支持的验证规则

规则	说明	适用类型
`type`	数据类型	所有
`required`	是否必填	所有
`nullable`	是否允许空值	所有
`min`	最小值	int, float
`max`	最大值	int, float
`min_length`	最小长度	str
`max_length`	最大长度	str
`pattern`	正则表达式	str
`enum`	枚举值列表	str, int
`format`	日期/日期时间格式	date, datetime
`min_rows`	最小行数	table_constraints
`max_missing_ratio`	最大缺失率	table_constraints
`strict_columns`	禁止额外字段	table_constraints
`check_column_order`	校验字段顺序	table_constraints

使用方法

使用内联 schema

python scripts/run_schema_validator.py \
  --input data.csv \
  --output report.json \
  --schema '{"fields":{"id":{"type":"int","required":true},"name":{"type":"str","required":true}},"table_constraints":{"min_rows":10,"max_missing_ratio":0.2}}'

使用 schema 文件

python scripts/run_schema_validator.py \
  --input data.csv \
  --output report.json \
  --schema schema.json

导出无效数据

python scripts/run_schema_validator.py \
  --input data.csv \
  --output report.json \
  --schema schema.json \
  --output_invalid invalid_rows.csv

参数说明

参数	必填	说明
`--input`	是	输入文件路径
`--output`	是	验证报告路径
`--schema`	是	schema 定义
`--output_invalid`	否	无效数据输出路径

输出示例

验证报告（JSON）：

{
  "summary": {
    "total_rows": 1000,
    "valid_rows": 950,
    "invalid_rows": 50,
    "validation_rate": 95.0
  },
  "schema_errors": [
    {"field": "status", "error": "missing_required_field", "expected": "present", "actual": "missing"}
  ],
  "field_errors": {
    "id": {"type_error": 3},
    "email": {"pattern_error": 42}
  },
  "sample_errors": [
    {"row": 10, "field": "email", "error": "pattern_error", "value": "invalid-email"}
  ]
}