Waf Bypass Methodology
DevOps & Securitywaf-bypass-methodologyWaf Bypass Methodology is an Agent Skill for devops & security published in the wgpsec/AboutSecurity repository on GitHub: a SKILL.md instruction file an AI agent can load to do this task.
WAF 绕过统一方法论。当漏洞利用 payload 被 WAF 拦截返回 403/406 时使用。覆盖编码绕过、分块传输、HTTP 方法切换、参数污染、Payload 变形等通用绕过技术
QUICK START
How to use this skill
Bring this guide into your coding agent with a prompt tailored to the tool you use.
- Open your project in Codex.
- Copy and paste the prompt below.
- Review files and risks before approving any action.
Prompt to paste
Inspect the Agent Skill at https://github.com/wgpsec/AboutSecurity/blob/HEAD/skills/exploit/web-method/waf-bypass-methodology/SKILL.md and all supporting files. Report provenance, permissions, scripts, dependencies, and security risks. Propose an exact installation into .agents/skills/waf-bypass-methodology, but wait for my approval before writing files or running scripts.
Copying this prompt does not install or run the skill. Review third-party files before use.
WAF 绕过统一方法论
WAF 绕过的核心原则：WAF 和后端应用对同一 HTTP 请求的解析存在差异，利用这个差异让 WAF "看到"合法请求而后端"看到"恶意 payload。
深入参考
- 编码绕过 Payload（双重 URL/Unicode/HTML/混合编码） → references/encoding-bypass-payloads.md
- HTTP 协议层绕过（分块传输/Content-Type/方法切换/HTTP2/走私） → references/http-protocol-bypass.md
- 参数层绕过（HPP/数组语法/Multipart） → references/parameter-bypass.md
- Payload 变形（通用编码/拆分/格式切换） → references/payload-mutation.md
Phase 0: WAF 识别
0.1 检测是否有 WAF
# 发送明显恶意请求，观察响应
curl -s "http://TARGET/?id=1' OR '1'='1" -D-
curl -s "http://TARGET/?id=<script>alert(1)</script>" -D-
curl -s "http://TARGET/?cmd=;id" -D-
# 对比正常请求和恶意请求的响应差异
# WAF 拦截特征：403/406 状态码、特定拦截页面、不同的 Server 头
0.2 WAF 指纹识别
| 特征 | WAF 产品 |
|---|---|
Server: cloudflare / cf-ray 头 | Cloudflare |
X-Sucuri-ID 头 | Sucuri |
响应含 ModSecurity | ModSecurity |
响应含 安全狗 / safedog | 安全狗 |
响应含 宝塔 / bt.cn | 宝塔 WAF |
X-Powered-By-Anquanbao | 安百 WAF |
响应含 yunsuo | 云锁 |
| 阿里云 403 页面 | 阿里云盾 |
| 腾讯云特定 403 | 腾讯云 WAF |
通用绕过检查流程
Payload 被拦截 → 403/拦截页
├── 1. 编码绕过
│ ├── 双重 URL 编码
│ ├── Unicode 编码
│ └── 混合大小写 + NULL 字节
├── 2. HTTP 层
│ ├── 分块传输
│ ├── Content-Type 切换
│ ├── HTTP 方法切换
│ └── HTTP/2
├── 3. 参数层
│ ├── 参数污染 (HPP)
│ ├── 数组/JSON 嵌套
│ └── Multipart 包裹
├── 4. Payload 变形
│ ├── 空格替代（注释/Tab/换行）
│ ├── 函数名替代
│ ├── 拼接/编码函数
│ └── 通配符/变量
└── 5. 逻辑层
├── 分多次请求发送（先探测再利用）
└── 利用白名单路径（/api/health + 路径穿越）
每个分支的详细 payload 见对应 references 文件