database-tactics

DevOps & Security

数据库服务攻击方法论。当发现 Redis(6379)、MSSQL(1433)、PostgreSQL(5432)、MySQL(3306)、MongoDB(27017) 等数据库端口时使用。覆盖未授权访问、弱口令爆破、命令执行、文件读写、提权。任何涉及数据库攻击、数据库提权、数据库利用的场景都应使用此技能

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数据库服务攻击方法论

数据库是内网渗透的核心跳板——几乎每个应用都有数据库后端，而数据库通常有操作系统级的能力。

⛔ 深入参考（必读）

Redis 攻击（未授权/写文件/主从复制RCE）→ references/redis-attack.md
MSSQL 攻击（xp_cmdshell/CLR/提权）→ references/mssql-attack.md
PostgreSQL 攻击（命令执行/文件读写/提权）→ references/postgresql-attack.md

Phase 1: 数据库识别

端口	服务	攻击优先级
6379	Redis	⭐⭐⭐ 未授权概率高
1433	MSSQL	⭐⭐⭐ xp_cmdshell 直接 RCE
5432	PostgreSQL	⭐⭐ 命令执行能力强
3306	MySQL	⭐⭐ UDF 提权
27017	MongoDB	⭐⭐ 未授权概率高
1521	Oracle	⭐ 利用复杂

Phase 2: 通用攻击流程

发现数据库端口？
├─ 1. 尝试未授权访问（空密码/匿名）
├─ 2. 弱口令爆破（默认账号 + top100）
├─ 3. 已知漏洞利用
├─ 4. 进入数据库后：
│   ├─ 搜索敏感数据（用户表/配置表/flag）
│   ├─ 尝试命令执行
│   └─ 尝试文件读写
└─ 5. 操作系统提权

Phase 3: 快速未授权检测

# Redis
redis-cli -h TARGET ping
# 返回 PONG → 未授权

# MSSQL（默认 sa 账号）
netexec mssql TARGET -u sa -p '' --local-auth
netexec mssql TARGET -u sa -p 'sa' --local-auth

# PostgreSQL
psql -h TARGET -U postgres -w
# 空密码测试

# MySQL
mysql -h TARGET -u root --skip-password

# MongoDB
mongosh --host TARGET --eval "db.adminCommand('listDatabases')"

Phase 4: 弱口令爆破

# 通用爆破（netexec 支持多种协议）
netexec mssql TARGET -u userlist.txt -p passlist.txt --local-auth
netexec ssh TARGET -u userlist.txt -p passlist.txt

# 常见默认账号
# Redis: 无认证 / requirepass 常为弱密码
# MSSQL: sa / sa, sa / 空, sa / 123456
# PostgreSQL: postgres / postgres, postgres / 空
# MySQL: root / root, root / 空, root / 123456
# MongoDB: admin / admin, 无认证

Redis 速查（最常见）

# 未授权连接
redis-cli -h TARGET

# 信息收集
INFO server
CONFIG GET dir
CONFIG GET dbfilename

Redis 关键利用路径：

写 Webshell / SSH 密钥 / Crontab
主从复制 RCE
Lua 沙箱逃逸

→ 密码爆破 / Cluster / Sentinel 详情 → references/redis-attack.md

MSSQL 速查

# 连接
impacket-mssqlclient DOMAIN/sa:PASSWORD@TARGET -windows-auth

MSSQL 关键利用路径：

xp_cmdshell / OLE / Agent Job RCE
CLR Assembly 攻击
文件读写
NTLM Hash 窃取

→ 信息收集 / 提权方法论 → references/mssql-attack.md

MySQL 速查

MySQL 关键利用路径：

UDF 提权 / 文件读写