cis-azure-foundations-5.6

Ensure account 'Lockout threshold' is less than or equal to '10'

Description

The account lockout threshold determines how many failed login attempts are permitted prior to placing the account in a locked-out state and initiating a variable lockout duration.

Rationale

Account lockout is a method of protecting against brute-force and password spray attacks. Once the lockout threshold has been exceeded, the account enters a locked-out state which prevents all login attempts for a variable duration. The lockout in combination with a reasonable duration reduces the total number of failed login attempts that a malicious actor can execute in a given period of time.

Impact

If account lockout threshold is set too low (less than 3), users may experience frequent lockout events and the resulting security alerts may contribute to alert fatigue. If account lockout threshold is set too high (more than 10), malicious actors can programmatically execute more password attempts in a given period of time.

Audit Procedure

Using Azure Portal

1. From Azure Home select the Portal Menu.
2. Select Microsoft Entra ID.
3. Under Manage, select Security.
4. Under Manage, select Authentication methods.
5. Under Manage, select Password protection.
6. Ensure that Lockout threshold is set to 10 or fewer.

Using PowerShell

Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Policy.ReadWrite.AuthenticationMethod"
$p = (Get-MgPolicyAuthenticationMethodsPolicy).PasswordProtection
if ($p.LockoutThreshold -gt 10) {
    Update-MgPolicyAuthenticationMethodsPolicy -BodyParameter @{
        passwordProtection = @{
            lockoutThreshold = 10
            lockoutDuration = [Math]::Max($p.LockoutDuration, 60)
        }
    }
}
Disconnect-MgGraph

Using Azure CLI

az rest --method get \
  --url 'https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/policies/authenticationMethodsPolicy' \
  --query 'passwordProtection.lockoutThreshold'

Expected Result

Lockout threshold should be 10 or fewer.

Remediation

Using Azure Portal

1. From Azure Home select the Portal Menu.
2. Select Microsoft Entra ID.
3. Under Manage, select Security.
4. Under Manage, select Authentication methods.
5. Under Manage, select Password protection.
6. Set Lockout threshold to 10 or fewer.
7. Click Save.

Using PowerShell

Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Policy.ReadWrite.AuthenticationMethod"
Update-MgPolicyAuthenticationMethodsPolicy -PasswordProtection @{
    LockoutThreshold = 10
    LockoutDuration = "PT1M"
}

Using Azure CLI

az rest --method patch \
  --url 'https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/policies/authenticationMethodsPolicy' \
  --headers 'Content-Type=application/json' \
  --body '{"passwordProtection":{"lockoutThreshold":10,"lockoutDuration":"PT1M"}}'

Default Value

By default, Lockout threshold is set to 10.

References

1. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/authentication/howto-password-smart-lockout#manage-microsoft-entra-smart-lockout-values

CIS Controls

Profile

Level 1 | Manual