Connect useChat to a non-TanStack-AI backend through custom connection adapters. ConnectConnectionAdapter (single async iterable) vs SubscribeConnectionAdapter (separate subscribe/send). Customize fetchServerSentEvents() and fetchHttpStream() with auth headers, custom URLs, and request options. Import from framework package, not @tanstack/ai-client.
Pluggable, category-toggleable debug logging for TanStack AI activities. Toggle with `debug: true | false | DebugConfig` on chat(), summarize(), generateImage(), generateSpeech(), generateTranscription(), generateVideo(). Categories: request, provider, output, middleware, tools, agentLoop, config, errors. Pipe into pino/winston/etc via `debug: { logger }`. Errors log by default even when `debug` is omitted; silence with `debug: false`.
Type-safe JSON schema responses from LLMs using outputSchema on chat() and useChat(). Supports Zod, ArkType, and Valibot schemas. The adapter handles provider-specific strategies transparently — never configure structured output at the provider level. Pass stream:true alongside outputSchema for incremental JSON deltas + a terminal validated object via the `structured-output.complete` event. Every assistant turn in useChat carries its own typed `StructuredOutputPart` on `messages[i].parts`, so multi-turn structured chats preserve history automatically — partial/final derive from the latest assistant turn's part. convertSchemaToJsonSchema() for manual schema conversion.